Heart disease is a leading health concern in dogs, affecting canines across all life stages and breeds. While it’s more commonly diagnosed in senior dogs, heart conditions can also impact younger pets—especially those with genetic predispositions. One of the biggest challenges for dog owners is recognizing the early signs of heart disease, which are often subtle and easy to dismiss.

At Willow Wood Animal Hospital in New Albany, Ohio, our team is dedicated to identifying heart issues early and managing them with advanced diagnostics, individualized treatment plans, and proactive monitoring. With timely care, many dogs with heart disease can live long, fulfilling lives.

Understanding Canine Heart Disease

What Is Heart Disease in Dogs?

Canine heart disease refers to any condition that compromises the heart’s ability to function efficiently. These conditions fall into two main categories:

  • Congenital Heart Disease: Structural heart defects present at birth.
  • Acquired Heart Disease: Conditions that develop over time, often due to aging, lifestyle, or infection.

Common types of acquired heart disease include:

  • Mitral Valve Disease (MVD): A degenerative condition where the mitral valve doesn’t close properly, causing blood to flow backward. This is the most common heart issue in small to medium breeds.
  • Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): A condition where the heart muscle becomes thin and weak, most often affecting large breeds like Dobermans and Great Danes.
  • Heartworm Disease: A serious parasitic infection that damages the heart and lungs. It is preventable but potentially fatal if left untreated.
  • Pulmonary Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure in the lungs that places additional strain on the heart.

Learn More: Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs | Pulmonary Hypertension

What Causes Heart Disease in Dogs?

Several factors can contribute to the development of heart disease:

  • Breed-Specific Genetics: Certain breeds have a higher risk of specific heart conditions.
  • Age: Aging leads to natural degeneration of the heart valves and muscle.
  • Infections: Diseases like heartworm or bacterial infections can damage heart tissue.
  • Obesity: Excess weight puts strain on the heart and can worsen symptoms.
  • Diet and Exercise: Poor nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle may contribute to cardiovascular decline.

Explore: Breed-Specific Health Risks

Recognizing the Early Signs of Heart Disease

Early detection can significantly improve outcomes. Keep an eye out for the following signs:

Physical Symptoms

  • Persistent Coughing: Especially during rest or at night.
  • Exercise Intolerance: Decreased stamina or energy during walks or play.
  • Labored Breathing: Fast or shallow breathing, even at rest.
  • Swollen Abdomen: Fluid accumulation (ascites) can cause visible bloating.
  • Poor Appetite or Weight Loss: May result from reduced circulation or discomfort.
  • Fainting/Collapse: A medical emergency linked to heart arrhythmias or poor blood flow.

Reference: Signs of Heart Disease in Dogs

Behavioral Changes

  • Restlessness: Especially at night due to difficulty breathing when lying down.
  • Increased Panting: Even in cool environments or at rest.
  • Withdrawal or Lethargy: Dogs may isolate themselves or show decreased interest in normal activities.

If you notice any of these signs, schedule an evaluation with your veterinarian as soon as possible.

Diagnosing Heart Disease in Dogs

Accurate diagnosis is essential for choosing the right treatment plan.

What to Expect at the Vet

During a cardiac workup, our team may perform:

  • Physical Exam: Listening for murmurs, irregular rhythms, or fluid in the lungs.
  • Auscultation: Detecting murmurs can offer early clues into valve disease progression.
  • History Review: Understanding your dog’s symptoms and lifestyle helps tailor diagnostics.

Recommended Diagnostic Tools

  • Chest X-rays: Assess heart size and detect fluid in the lungs.
  • Echocardiogram: Provides a live view of heart valves, chambers, and blood flow.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures electrical activity to detect arrhythmias.
  • Bloodwork: Evaluates overall health and helps guide treatment (including kidney and liver function).
  • BNP Testing: Measures heart stress markers and helps detect early-stage disease.

Additional Info: Heart Disease Diagnosis at Tufts

Treatment Options for Canine Heart Disease

Medical Management

Many heart conditions can be managed effectively with daily medication:

  • Diuretics: Help remove fluid buildup in the lungs or abdomen.
  • ACE Inhibitors: Reduce blood pressure and ease the heart’s workload.
  • Beta-blockers: Regulate heart rate and improve efficiency.
  • Pimobendan (Vetmedin): Increases heart muscle strength and improves circulation.

Advanced Care & Surgery

In severe or advanced cases, surgical options may be recommended:

  • Valve Repair/Replacement: For dogs with severe valve dysfunction.
  • Pacemaker Implantation: Helps control abnormal heart rhythms.

Lifestyle Adjustments

Supporting your dog’s heart health at home is just as important as veterinary care:

  • Dietary Changes: Low-sodium, heart-healthy diets can reduce fluid retention.
  • Controlled Exercise: Light to moderate exercise keeps circulation strong without overexertion.
  • Stress Reduction: A calm, structured environment supports overall well-being.

Preventing Heart Disease in Dogs

While not all heart conditions can be avoided, there are ways to reduce your dog’s risk:

Proactive Wellness Care

  • Annual Exams: Essential for detecting subtle changes in heart health.
  • Breed-Specific Monitoring: High-risk breeds should undergo routine cardiac evaluations, even if asymptomatic.
  • Senior Pet Screening: Dogs over age 7 benefit from regular bloodwork and cardiac imaging.

Related Reading: Preventive Testing for Senior Pets

Heartworm Prevention

  • Year-Round Protection: Use monthly preventives to protect against heartworm disease, a major contributor to heart failure.

Healthy Living Habits

  • Weight Control: Prevent obesity with a balanced diet and regular activity.
  • Regular Activity: Gentle walks and interactive play support cardiovascular fitness.

When to Seek Emergency Veterinary Care

Certain symptoms indicate a need for immediate medical attention:

  • Severe breathing difficulty
  • Sudden collapse or fainting
  • Blue-tinged gums or tongue
  • Unresponsiveness or extreme lethargy

At Willow Wood Animal Hospital, we are equipped to handle urgent cases and provide compassionate, expert care when your pet needs it most. Learn more on our contact page.

Your Partner in Lifelong Heart Health

Heart disease in dogs can feel overwhelming, but with early detection, tailored treatment, and ongoing support, many dogs can live comfortably for years. At Willow Wood Animal Hospital, we’re committed to walking beside you every step of the way—from diagnosis to daily care.

If your dog is showing any signs of heart disease, or if you simply want to be proactive about their cardiovascular health, we’re here to help. Schedule a consultation or call us today by visiting our contact page.