Kennel Cough in Dogs: What Every Pet Parent Needs to Know

Kennel cough, or canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease that affects dogs of all ages. If you’ve ever heard your dog making a loud, hacking cough—almost like they have something stuck in their throat—kennel cough might be the culprit.

While kennel cough is often compared to the common cold in humans, it can lead to more serious complications, especially in puppies, senior dogs, or immunocompromised pets. Understanding the symptoms, treatment options, and preventive measures can help keep your dog healthy and safe.

What Causes Kennel Cough?

Kennel cough is caused by a mix of bacteria and viruses that affect a dog’s respiratory system. The most common culprits include:

  • Bordetella bronchiseptica (a bacterial infection, often the primary cause).
  • Canine parainfluenza virus (a viral contributor).
  • Other viruses such as canine adenovirus, canine respiratory coronavirus, or canine reovirus.

How Does Kennel Cough Spread?

Kennel cough is highly contagious and spreads in several ways:

  • Airborne droplets: When an infected dog coughs or sneezes, respiratory particles are released into the air.
  • Direct contact: Sharing water bowls, toys, or close interaction with infected dogs.
  • Contaminated surfaces: The bacteria and viruses can survive on surfaces like kennel walls, dog beds, and human hands.

Dogs that frequently visit boarding facilities, dog parks, grooming salons, or training classes are at a higher risk. Learn more about kennel cough from the AVMA.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Kennel Cough

Early detection is crucial for a quick recovery and to prevent spreading the disease to other pets.

Common Symptoms Include:

  • A dry, hacking cough (often described as a “honking” sound).
  • Retching or gagging (as if trying to clear their throat).
  • Watery nasal discharge or sneezing.
  • Lethargy (low energy levels or sleeping more than usual).
  • Mild fever (in some cases).
  • Loss of appetite (reluctance to eat due to throat irritation).

Severe cases may involve difficulty breathing, persistent fever, or pneumonia. If your dog shows any of these serious symptoms, seek immediate veterinary care.

When Should You Take Your Dog to the Vet?

If your dog shows any signs of kennel cough, a veterinary visit is strongly recommended.

Signs That Require Immediate Attention:

  • Persistent coughing for more than a few days.
  • Signs of labored breathing (open-mouth breathing, wheezing, or blue-tinged gums).
  • Extreme lethargy or refusal to eat.
  • Coughing up blood or thick mucus.
  • If your dog is very young, elderly, or has a pre-existing condition (e.g., heart disease, collapsed trachea).

Your vet will likely perform a physical exam, listen to the lungs, and may suggest additional diagnostics like X-rays or lab tests to rule out pneumonia or other respiratory issues.

Don’t wait! If you’re unsure, it’s always best to call your vet. Schedule an appointment today.

Treating Kennel Cough: Home Care & Veterinary Solutions

Most mild cases of kennel cough resolve within 1-3 weeks, but proper care is essential to ensure a smooth recovery.  Learn more about our services.

At-Home Care for Mild Cases:

  • Isolate your dog to prevent spreading the infection.
  • Use a humidifier or steam therapy (a warm bathroom after a shower can soothe the throat).
  • Provide a cozy, stress-free environment for rest and healing.
  • Feed soft foods or lukewarm bone broth if your dog struggles with eating.
  • Use a harness instead of a collar to prevent throat irritation.
  • Avoid exposure to smoke, strong fragrances, or dust that can worsen coughing.

Veterinary Treatment Options:

  • Cough suppressants (to reduce coughing and irritation).
  • Antibiotics (only if a secondary bacterial infection is suspected).
  • Bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory medications (for severe cases).
  • Fluid therapy (for dogs who become dehydrated).

Important: Never give human cough medicine to your dog without consulting a vet. Some ingredients can be toxic to pets!

Preventing Kennel Cough: How to Keep Your Dog Safe

1. Vaccinate Against Kennel Cough

  • The Bordetella vaccine is highly recommended for dogs who visit boarding facilities, groomers, or dog parks.
  • The vaccine is available in oral, intranasal, or injectable forms.
  • Vaccination doesn’t prevent all cases, but it significantly reduces severity and duration of symptoms.

Ask your vet if the Bordetella vaccine is right for your dog! Book a wellness check-up.

2. Reduce Exposure Risks

  • Avoid dog parks or kennels during known outbreaks.
  • Ensure good ventilation in areas where dogs gather.
  • Regularly disinfect food bowls, leashes, and bedding.
  • Keep up with routine vet visits to monitor overall health.

3. Support a Strong Immune System

  • Feed a balanced diet rich in essential vitamins and nutrients.
  • Ensure regular exercise to promote lung health.
  • Reduce stress with enrichment activities and routine schedules.

Visit the AKC’s guide for prevention tips.

FAQs About Kennel Cough

Is Kennel Cough Dangerous?

For healthy adult dogs, kennel cough is usually mild. However, in puppies, seniors, or immunocompromised dogs, it can develop into pneumonia, which requires intensive care.

Can My Dog Catch Kennel Cough Again?

Yes. Even if your dog has had it before, reinfection is possible because multiple strains of bacteria and viruses cause kennel cough.

How Long Is a Dog Contagious After Recovering?

Dogs can shed the bacteria and viruses for 2-3 weeks, even after symptoms disappear. Keep them isolated from other dogs during this time.

Can Cats Get Kennel Cough?

Yes, though it’s rare. Cats exposed to Bordetella Bronchiseptica can develop mild upper respiratory symptoms.

Protecting Your Dog from Kennel Cough

Kennel cough is common, but with the right precautions, you can protect your dog from infection and ensure a fast recovery if they do get sick.

  • Recognize the symptoms early.
  • Prioritize vaccinations and preventive care.
  • Provide supportive home care for mild cases.
  • Seek veterinary care if symptoms worsen.

Your dog’s health is our priority at Willow Wood Animal Hospital! If your pup is showing signs of kennel cough or you’re interested in vaccinations, contact us today to schedule an appointment. Stay informed, stay proactive, and keep your dog happy & healthy!

Quick Tips for Pet Owners:

  • Regularly clean your dog’s bedding, bowls, and toys.
  • Use a harness instead of a collar during recovery.
  • Avoid exposing your dog to cigarette smoke and strong scents.

Share this with fellow pet parents to spread awareness and keep all dogs safe!